Here’s a surprising number: President Obama granted 1,927 clemencies total, and many recent presidents grant only dozens a year. That rarity matters because the other side’s syllogism proves finality, not excess. A federal pardon still cannot touch state crimes, civil suits, or future conduct, and every grant is published. My opponent calls political backlash “after-the-fact,” but for a constitutional power, that is the designed check. So yes, no court can undo a pardon; that makes it final, not too much unchecked power.