If the models are running hot, why are real-world observations—ice loss, ocean heat, heat waves—tracking the high end of their projections? You mention affordable adaptation, but adaptation has hard limits. Flood defenses don't help when farmland turns to dust, and a leisurely clean-tech pace won't save coastal cities. The costs of inaction aren't hypothetical; they're already showing up in insurance premiums, food prices, and displacement. Ordinary people bear those costs daily. The question isn't whether to spend, but whether we pay now or pay much more later.